Site fidelity of the declining amphibian Rana sierrae (Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog)
نویسندگان
چکیده
From 1997 to 2006, we used mark–recapture models to estimate the site fidelity of 1250 Sierra Nevada yellowlegged frogs (Rana sierrae) in Kings Canyon National Park, California, USA, during their three main activity periods of overwintering, breeding, and feeding. To quantify site fidelity, the tendency to return to and reuse previously occupied habitats, we used multistrata models (with water bodies as the strata) and potential function analyses. The probability of returning to previously used water bodies during all activity periods was typically greater than 80% and always greater than the probability of moving to other water bodies. Site fidelity models (with lake-specific movement transitions) were favored over those models that held movement transitions equal between lakes. Potential function analyses demonstrated that frogs were most strongly attracted to their original capture lakes rather than moving to the nearest available breeding or overwintering lake. Under current disturbances in high-elevation Sierra Nevada lakes (exotic trout, climate change), site fidelity is problematic because frogs return to lakes subject to drying or those with fish rather than dispersing to other lakes. Future recovery of declining species will need to focus efforts towards restoring habitats when animals maintain strong site fidelity even when their habitats deteriorate. Résumé : De 1997 à 2006, des modèles de marquage-recapture nous ont servi à estimer la fidélité au site de 1 250 grenouilles à pattes jaunes de la Sierra Nevada (Rana sierrae) dans le parc national de King’s Canyon, Californie, É.-U., durant leur trois principales périodes d’activité, soit l’hivernage, la reproduction et l’alimentation. Afin de quantifier la fidélité au site, c’est-à-dire la tendance à retourner dans des habitats utilisés antérieurement et à les exploiter de nouveau, nous utilisons des modèles à strates multiples (les plans d’eau représentant les strates) et des analyses fonctionnelles potentielles. La probabilité de retourner dans un plan d’eau déjà utilisé est, dans l’ensemble des périodes d’activité, généralement de plus de 80 % et toujours plus élevée que la probabilité de se déplacer vers un autre plan d’eau. Nous préférons les modèles de fidélité au site avec des transitions de déplacement spécifiques à chaque lac aux modèles qui présupposent que les transitions de déplacement sont égales pour tous les lacs. Les analyses fonctionnelles potentielles montrent que les grenouilles sont beaucoup plus fortement attirées vers le lac de leur première capture que portées à se déplacer vers le lac le plus proche de reproduction ou d’hivernage. Dans les conditions actuelles de perturbations dans les lacs de haute altitude de la Sierra Nevada (truites exotiques, changement climatique), la fidélité au site pose des problèmes parce que les grenouilles peuvent retourner à des lacs sujets à la dessiccation ou des lacs contenant des poissons, plutôt que se disperser vers d’autres lacs. La récupération future des espèces en déclin devra concentrer ses efforts sur la restauration des habitats lorsque les animaux conservent une forte fidélité au site même quand leurs habitats se détériorent. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
منابع مشابه
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تاریخ انتشار 2010